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The Senate of Canada () is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the House of Commons and the Monarch (represented by the Governor General). The Senate is modeled after the House of Lords and consists of 105 Members appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister.〔Franco, 2006, pg. 3–42.〕 Seats are assigned on a regional basis, with each of the four major regions receiving 24 seats and the remainder of the available seats being assigned to smaller regions. The four major regions are Ontario, Quebec, the Maritime provinces, and the Western provinces. The seats for Newfoundland and Labrador, the Northwest Territories, Yukon, and Nunavut are assigned apart from these regional divisions. Senators may serve until they reach the age of 75. The Senate is the upper house of Parliament and the House of Commons is the lower house. This does not, however, imply that the Senate is more powerful than the House of Commons, merely that its Members and Officers outrank the Members and Officers of the Commons in the order of precedence for the purposes of protocol. As a matter of practice and custom, the Commons is the dominant chamber. The approval of both chambers is necessary for legislation and, thus, the Senate can reject bills passed by the Commons. Between 1867 and 1987, the Senate rejected fewer than two bills per year, but this has increased in more recent years.〔 Moreover, Members of the Cabinet are responsible solely to the House of Commons. While the Prime Minister and the rest of Cabinet remain in office only while they retain the confidence of the Commons, Senators are not beholden to such control. Although legislation can normally be introduced in either chamber, the majority of government bills originate in the House of Commons. ==Chamber and symbols== The Senate of Canada and the House of Commons of Canada sit in separate chambers in the Centre Block on Parliament Hill, located in Ottawa, Ontario. The Chamber in which the Senate sits is sometimes called the ''red chamber'', due to the red cloth that adorns the Chamber, as well as the Throne. The red Senate chamber is lavishly decorated, in contrast with the more modest, green Commons chamber. This decorative scheme, consistent with the Canadian conception of the Westminster system, is modeled on the British Houses of Parliament, where the lords chamber is a lavish room with red benches, whereas the Commons chamber is more sparsely decorated and is furnished in green. There are chairs and desks on both sides of the chamber, divided by a centre aisle. The Speaker's chair is at one end of the chamber; in front of it is the Clerk's table. Various clerks sit at the table, ready to advise the Speaker and the Senators on procedure when necessary. Members of the governing party sit on the benches to the Speaker's right, while Members of the Opposition occupy the benches on the Speaker's left. At either end of the chamber, on the second floor, are the visitors galleries, with total seating in stadium arrangement for 350.〔http://sen.parl.gc.ca/portal/publications/factsheets/fs-redchamber-e.htm〕 The north gallery's lower seating area, or tribune, is reserved for journalists. The Canadian Heraldic Authority on April 15, 2008, granted the Senate, as an institution, a heraldic achievement composed of a depiction of the chamber's mace (representing the monarch's authority in the upper chamber) behind the escutcheon of the Royal Arms of Canada (representing the Queen herself, in whose name the Senate deliberates). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Senate of Canada」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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